Carbon Nanotube/VO2 Nanocomposite Shows Supercapacitor Candidacy


 

Importance of Pseudo-capacitance

Pseudo-capacitance is one of the storage mechanisms in electrochemical capacitors. In this storage mechanism, the reversible electron transfer reaction that occurs in the redox-active material is restricted on the electrode surface, which promotes active interaction between the electrons and leads to the formation of an array of energy states.

Limitations of Existing Pseudocapacitors

Although transition metal oxides, such as iridium dioxide, possess exceptional pseudocapacitance, they are considerably expensive, which necessitated the identification of more affordable alternatives.

Additionally, the power density of pseudocapacitors (PCs) is notably lower than electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) owing to the slow faradic redox reaction of the PC electrode material, which has shifted the focus on composite supercapacitors.

Composite supercapacitors are composed of both PC materials and EDLCs with synergistic characteristics and have been investigated extensively to develop supercapacitors with increased power density.

Significance of Composite Supercapacitors

Carbon-based materials, such as graphene, active carbon, and CNTs, with large specific surface area and electrical conductivity, act as the backbone of composite supercapacitors. Conducting polymers or metal oxides can be deposited on carbon materials at a marginal fraction to preserve the main phase of the porous structure. Thus, the combination of carbon and PC materials can create a composite supercapacitor with evidently enhanced power density.

Fabrication of Nanocomposite Thin Film on Graphite Electrode for Electrochemical Studies

The synthesized VO2/CNTs nanocomposites with different VO2 loading were cast-evaporated on a graphite disc electrode to obtain thin nanocomposite films. After casting, a desiccator was used to dry the electrodes before the electrochemical studies. In the electrochemical study, a one-compartment three-electrode cell was established with a graphite counter electrode and silver/silver chloride as the reference electrode.

Significance of the Study

Seven VO2/CNT nanocomposites with different VO2 loadings were synthesized successfully. VO2 was coated uniformly around the CNTs. The presence of VO2 in the synthesized nanocomposite was confirmed in the XRD analysis. The TGA analyses confirmed different VO2 loadings in the nanocomposites and displayed the hydrous form of VO2.

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